Caracterización clínica y epidemiológica de los pacientes con cáncer de colon / Clinical and epidemiological characterization of patients with colon cancer

INTRODUCCIÓN. El cáncer de colon es una neoplasia del tubo digestivo considerada una de las más frecuentes en ambos sexos y que predomina en adultos mayores. OBJETIVO. Describir las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de los pacientes con cáncer de colon. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo. Población de 1 601 y muestra de 210 datos de Historias Clínicas Electrónicas de pacientes diagnosticados con cáncer de colon, atendidos por la Unidad de Oncología del Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín de la ciudad de Quito en el periodo enero de 2016 a diciembre de 2019. Criterios de inclusión: diagnóstico confirmado de Cáncer de Colon, edad igual o mayor a 18 años, y disponer de todos los datos clínicos requeridos en el estudio. Se utilizó el método de muestreo probabilístico con lo que se estimó una proporción para el estudio con un intervalo de confianza del 95%, un margen de error del 5% y una frecuencia esperada del 3%, de donde se obtuvo una muestra ajustada al 10% de pérdidas. El procesamiento de datos se realizó en los programas Microsoft Excel versión 16 y el Statistical Package for Social Sciences versión 24. RESULTADOS. La mayor presentación fue en adultos mayores de 50 años, con una relación 1:1 en cuanto a sexo, y en la procedencia, se ubicó mayoritariamente en la población de la región Sierra; las personas con una actividad económica de tipo profesional fueron las más afectadas; en lo que se refiere a los antecedentes se encontró mayor relación en los personales y dentro de estos los pólipos; no hubo relación con los antecedentes quirúrgicos ni familiares. El síntoma de debut más prevalente fue el dolor abdominal; la mayoría fueron sometidos a colonoscopia; predominó la lateralidad derecha y el tipo histológico principalmente identificado fue el adenocarcinoma. CONCLUSIÓN. No se observó relación estadísticamente significante entre estadíos, evolución y tratamientos instaurados, lo que pudo estar influenciado por el muestreo al azar; y que el 53,30% de los pacientes aún se encuentra en controles.

INTRODUCTION. Colon cancer is a neoplasm of the digestive tract considered one of the most frequent in both sexes and predominantly in older adults. OBJECTIVE. To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with colon cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Observational, descriptive, retrospective study. Population of 1 601 and sample of 210 data from Electronic Medical Records of patients diagnosed with colon cancer, attended by the Oncology Unit of the Hospital de Especialidades Carlos Andrade Marín of the city of Quito in the period January 2016 to December 2019. Inclusion criteria: confirmed diagnosis of Colon Cancer, age equal to or older than 18 years, and having all the clinical data required in the study. The probability sampling method was used with which a proportion was estimated for the study with a confidence interval of 95%, a margin of error of 5% and an expected frequency of 3%, from which a 10% loss adjusted sample was obtained. Data processing was performed in Microsoft Excel version 16 and Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 24. The greatest presentation was in adults over 50 years of age, with a 1:1 ratio in terms of sex, and in terms of origin, it was mainly located in the population of the Sierra region; people with a professional economic activity were the most affected; in terms of history, a greater relationship was found in personal history and within these, polyps; there was no relationship with surgical or family history. The most prevalent debut symptom was abdominal pain; the majority underwent colonoscopy; right laterality predominated and the histological type mainly identified was adestatistically significant relationship was observed between stages, evolution and treatment, which could be influenced by random sampling; and that 53,30% of the patients are still in controls.

Simultaneous resection for colon cancer and synchronous liver metastases: case series with follow-up / Resección simultánea por cáncer de colon y metástasis hepáticas sincrónicas: serie de casos con seguimiento

SUMMARY: Treatment of colonic cancer (CC) and synchronic liver metastasis (SLM) is still controversial in relation to how to act. The aim of this study was to analyze initial single center experience in simultaneous surgical approach of patients with CC and SLM, in terms of overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Retrospective case series of patients with CC and SLM undergoing simultaneous surgery, consecutively, at Clínica RedSalud Mayor Temuco, between 2007 and 2021. Outcome variables were OS and DFS. Other variables of interest were postoperative morbidity (POM), surgical time, hospital stay and mortality. Descriptive statistics was used (measures of central tendency and dispersion), and survival analysis was estimated applying Kaplan Meier curves. Sixteen patients (10 female and 6 male) were operated, with a median age of 61 years. The most frequent localization was cecum and right colon (37.5 %). In all patients some type of liver resection was added (parenchymal-sparing hepatectomy or anatomical resection). Median surgical time and hospital stay were 150 min and 5 days respectively. POM was 31.2 % (5 cases), mainly Clavien & Dindo I and II (12.5 % of patients required a re-intervention). With a median follow-up of 52 months 1, 3 and 5-year OS were 100 %, 62.5 %, and 50.0 % respectively. On the other hand, DFS rates of 1, 3 and 5-year were 75.0 %, 43.8 %, and 25.0 % respectively. The series had no mortality. OS, DFS, POM and mortality, were like other series. Simultaneous resection of CC and SLM is an aggressive approach, but not compromise oncological outcomes.

RESUMEN: El tratamiento del cáncer de colon (CC) con metástasis hepática sincrónica (MHS), tiene un tratamiento controvertido aún. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la experiencia unicéntrica en el tratamiento de pacientes con CC y MHS simultáneo, en términos de supervivencia global (SG) y supervivencia libre de enfermedad (SLE). Serie de casos retrospectiva consecutiva, de pacientes con CC y MHS sometidos a cirugía simultánea, en Clínica RedSalud Mayor Temuco, entre 2007 y 2021. Las variables de resultado fueron SG y SLE. Otras variables de interés fueron la morbilidad postoperatoria (MPO), tiempo quirúrgico, estancia hospitalaria y mortalidad. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva (medidas de tendencia central y dispersión) y se estimó supervivencia aplicando curvas de Kaplan Meier. Se operaron 16 pacientes (10 mujeres y 6 hombres), con mediana de edad de 61 años. La localización más frecuente fue ciego-colon derecho (37,5 %). En todos los casos se practicó algún tipo de resección hepática (hepatectomía conservadora o resección anatómica). La mediana del tiempo quirúrgico y la estancia hospitalaria fueron de 150 min y 5 días respectivamente. La MPO fue del 31,2 % (5 casos), principalmente Clavien & Dindo I y II (hubo 12,5 % de reintervenciones). Con una mediana de seguimiento de 52 meses. La SG a 1, 3 y 5 años fue 100 %, 62,5 % y 50,0 %, respectivamente. Por otro lado, la SLE a 1, 3 y 5 años fue 75,0 %, 43,8 % y 25,0 %, respectivamente. La serie no tuvo mortalidad. La SG, SLE, MPO y la mortalidad fueron similares a otras series. La resección simultánea de CC y SLM es agresiva, pero no compromete los resultados oncológicos.

Results of surgical treatment of uncomplicated colon cancer: case series with follow-up / Resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico del cáncer de colon no complicado: serie de casos con seguimiento

SUMMARY: The standard treatment of colonic cancer (CC) continues to be the radical resection of the intestinal segment compromised with free margins, associated or not with adjuvant therapies. The aim of this study was to determine postoperative morbidity (POM) and 5-year overall survival (OS) in patients with uncomplicated colon cancer surgically treated. Retrospective case series of patients with uncomplicated CC undergoing colectomy and lymphadenectomy, consecutively, at Clínica Red Salud Mayor Temuco, between 2007 and 2019. The outcomes variable were POM and 5-years OS. Other variables of interest were surgical time, number of resected lymph nodes, hospital stay and recurrence. Descriptive statistics was used (measures of central tendency and dispersion), and OS analysis was applying Kaplan Meier curves. In this study, 52 patients (53.8 % men) were intervened, with a median age of 68 years. The most frequent localization and stages were right colon (42.3 %); IIIA and IIIB respectively (78.9 %). Median surgical time, number of resected lymph nodes and hospital stay were 98 min, 34 and 4.5 days respectively. POM was 17.3 % (9 cases). With a median follow- up of 58 months, a recurrence of 19.2 % was verified, and the 5-year OS for stages IIA, IIIA, IIIB and IVA was 83.3 %, 73.6 %, 68.2 % and 40.0 % respectively. The results, in terms of POM, mortality and 5-year OS, were similar to national and international series.

RESUMEN: El tratamiento estándar del cáncer de colon (CC), continua siendo la resección radical del segmento intestinal comprometido con márgenes libres (al menos 5 cm por encima y debajo del tumor), pudiendo asociarse o no a terapias complementarias. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar morbilidad postoperatoria (MPO) y supervivencia actuarial global (SVAG) a 5 años en pacientes resecados por CC no complicado. Serie de casos con seguimiento, de pacientes con CC no complicado, sometidos a colectomía subtotal y linfadenectomía, de forma consecutiva, en Clínica Red Salud Mayor Temuco, entre 2007 y 2019. Las variables resultado fueron MPO y SV actuarial global (SVAG) a 5 años. Otras variables de interés fueron: tiempo quirúrgico, número de linfonodos resecados, estancia hospitalaria y recurrencia. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, con medidas de tendencia central y dispersión; y análisis de SV con curvas de Kaplan Meier. Se intervinieron 52 pacientes (53,8 % hombres), con una mediana de edad de 68 años. La localización y estadios más frecuentes fueron colon derecho (42,3 %); IIIA y IIIB respectivamente (78,9 %). La resecabilidad de la serie fue 100 %. La medianas del tiempo quirúrgico, del número de linfonodos resecados y de estancia hospitalaria; fueron de 98 min, 34 y 4.5 días respectivamente. La MPO fue 17,3 % (9 casos). Con una mediana de seguimiento de 58 meses, se verificó una recurrencia de 19,2 %; y una SVAG a 5 años para los estadios IIA, IIIA, IIIB y IVA; de 83,3 %; 73,6 %; 68,2 % y 40,0 % respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos, en términos de MPO, mortalidad y SVAG a 5 años, fueron similares a series de nacionales e internacionales.

Short-term curative effect of superior rectal artery preserving laparoscopic resection of sigmoid colon carcinoma / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To study the operational techniques and feasibility of superior rectal artery preserving laparoscopic resection of sigmoid colon carcinoma.Methods From Jan 2015 to Nov 2016,85 patients with sigmoid colon carcinoma were divided into artery preserving group (27 cases) and traditional surgical group (58 cases).Results The mean operation time was (283 ± 51) min,the mean lymph node dissection was (15 ± 8) and the mean blood loss was (62 ± 17) ml in the artery preserving group.The mean operation time was (179 ±e63) min,the mean lymph node dissection was (15 ±7) and the mean blood loss was (67 ± 17) ml in the traditional surgery group.The number of resected lymph nodes and blood loss had no statistical significance between these two groups (t =0.058,P ＞0.05).Longer operating time were observed in the retained vascular group as compared to the traditional surgical group (t =7.530,P ＜ 0.05).There was no anastomotic fistula in the retained vascular group,however,two anastomotic fistula cases occurred in the traditional surgical group (x2 =0.043,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Preservation of superior rectal artery was safe and feasible for laparoscopic resection of sigmoid colon carcinoma.

A retrospective controlled clinical study of single-incision plus one port laparoscopic surgery for sigmoid colon and upper rectal cancer / 中华外科杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the short-term and oncologic outcomes of single-incision plus one port laparoscopic surgery (SILS+ 1) for sigmoid colon and upper rectal cancer.@*Methods@#The clinic data of 46 patients with sigmoid colon and upper rectal cancer underwent SILS+ 1 at Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University from September 2013 to September 2014 were retrospectively reviewed (SILS+ 1 group). After generating 1∶1 ration propensity scores given the covariates of age, gender, body mass index, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, surgeons, tumor location, the distance of tumor from anal, tumor diameter, and pathologic TNM stage, 46 patients with sigmoid colon and upper rectal cancer underwent conventional laparoscopic surgery (CLS) in the same time were matched as CLS group. The baseline characteristics and short-term outcomes were compared using t test, χ2 test or Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Log-rank tests demonstrated the distribution of disease free survival.@*Results@#The two study groups were well balanced with respect to the baseline characteristics of the propensity score derivation model. As compared to the CLS group, patients in SILS+ 1 group had a smaller incision ((6.9±1.1) cm vs. (8.4±1.2) cm, t=6.502, P=0.000), less estimated blood loss (20(11) ml vs. 50(30) ml, Z=2.414, P=0.016), shorter intracorporeal operating time ((67.0±25.8) minutes vs. (75.5±27.7) minutes, t=2.062, P=0.042) and significantly faster recovery course including shorter time to first ambulation ((46.7±20.3) hours vs. (78.6±28.0) hours, t=6.255, P=0.000), shorter time to first oral diet ((64.7±28.8) hours vs. (77.1±30.0) hours, t=2.026, P=0.047), shorter time of postoperative hospital stay ((7.8±2.2) days vs. (6.5±2.2) days, t=2.680, P=0.009), and lower postoperative visual analogue scale scores (F=4.721, P=0.032). No significant difference was observed in total operating time, postoperative morbidity, first time to flatus and defecation, analgesic use, number of retrieved lymph nodes and resection margin. During the median follow-up period of 33 months (ranging from 7 to 39 months) , there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of 3-year disease-free survival (SILS+ 1: 91.3%, CLS: 93.4%, P=1.000). The recurrence rates of SILS+ 1 group and CLS groups were 8.7% (4/46) and 6.5% (3/46), respectively.@*Conclusion@#For experienced CLS surgeons, the SILS+ 1 for sigmoid colon and upper rectal cancer would be easiness, safe and efficient alternative.

A case of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with metastatic colon cancer

No abstract available.

A Case of Capecitabine-Induced Sarcoidosis / 결핵및호흡기질환

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease involving multiple-organs with an unknown cause. The new onset of sarcoidosis associated with therapeutic agents has been observed in 3 clinical settings; tumor necrosis factor antagonists in autoimmune rheumatologic diseases, interferon alpha with or without ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C or melanoma, and antineoplastic agent-associated sarcoidosis in patients with hematologic malignancies. Here, we report a female patient who developed sarcoidosis after capecitabine treatment as an adjuvant chemotherapy for sigmoid colon cancer. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a capecitabine-induced sarcoidosis.